Electrical Precautions

General

Avoid getting grease on electrical components and connectors. Grease collects dirt, which can cause electrical tracking (short-circuits) or high resistance.

Handle printed circuit boards at an electrostatic discharge (ESD) work station only. Wear an antistatic wrist strap and hold printed circuit boards by the edges only.

Voltages

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Warning
The vehicle has low voltage (LV, 15V), mid voltage (MV, 24-58V) and high voltage (HV, 400V+) circuits. The HV system can be energized any time the MV battery or first responder loop are connected. To fully disconnect the HV system, refer to Service Manual procedure 17010000; Vehicle HV Disablement Procedure.
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Only technicians who have been trained in High Voltage Awareness and have completed all required certification courses (if applicable) are permitted to perform this procedure. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE) and insulating HV gloves with a minimum rating of class 0 (1000V) must be worn any time a high voltage cable is handled. Refer to Tech Note TN-15-92-003, "High Voltage Awareness Care Points" for additional safety information.
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Make sure that multimeters and leads are capable of handling at least 500V before performing a procedure that involves high voltage.
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Never disconnect or cut an orange high voltage power cable or high voltage component unless the HV system has been disabled.
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Never disconnect or cut an orange mid voltage power cable or mid voltage component unless the MV system has been disabled.
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After disabling the vehicle, power is maintained for 90 seconds in the SRS system and 1 minute in the high voltage electrical system.
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Never cut into the HV battery enclosure.
Table 1. Voltage Ranges
Low Voltage Mid Voltage High Voltage
15V 24-58V 400V+

HV Battery

The HV battery stores all of the energy for the motor and vehicle electrical systems. The battery can sense a variety of conditions that could potentially damage the vehicle or pose a safety risk. Its primary response in these circumstances is to disconnect the high voltage from the rest of the vehicle.

When the battery is not in a vehicle, high voltage is not accessible without removing the enclosure cover.

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Always remove the HV battery before performing any procedure that might require using a drill near the HV battery, especially drilling downward from inside the vehicle.
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An HV battery poses a significant high voltage and electrocution risk if the outer enclosure or safety circuits have been compromised or have been significantly damaged.
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If the battery or vehicle displays signs of escaping gases, smoke, flames, excessive heat, sparks or arcing, contact the local emergency department and refer to the First Responder Guide, available at http://www.tesla.com/firstresponders and/or the Lithium-Ion Battery Emergency Response Guide, TN-13-16-007. Gases or smoke exiting a lithium-ion HV battery are likely flammable and could ignite at any time.

MV System

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Warning
Cybertruck's Low Voltage (LV) bus has numerous voltage levels, with rails that have nominal voltages from 5V to 48V. Since this low voltage bus and its auxiliary battery have significantly higher voltage than Model S, Model X, Model 3, and Model Y, it will be referred to as Mid Voltage (MV) in Service documentation.
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The primary MV power rail on Cybertruck has a range of 24-58V, depending on the scenario, power mode and battery state.
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Although all electrical buses need to be treated with appropriate caution regardless of operating voltage, because MV circuits operate at a higher potential than typical LV (11-16V) buses they carry an increased risk of component damage, harness damage, or personal injury when mistreated.
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Since the MV voltages are higher than a standard LV bus, the potential for arcing damage and electric shock exist to a greater degree. Due to this reason, disconnection or connection of live MV circuits is strictly prohibited. The vehicle must be powered down before manipulating connector states.
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Note
The First Responder Loop is the only connector with MV that can be disconnected while the vehicle is powered.
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If for whatever reason MV circuits are unable to be powered down on a vehicle, do not attempt to manipulate any connector states. Guidelines on what to do in this scenario are available at <insert here>.
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To supply and maintain power to MV circuits when the vehicle's Power Conversion System (PCS) and MV battery are not functional, a specific power supply which operates at 43V is available from Tesla tooling. It is able to provide high power at the necessary voltage levels to enable vehicle functionality during diagnosis or when carrying out automated service routines without PCS support.
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The 43V power supply must always be switched off prior to connecting / disconnecting from the vehicle to prevent arcing damage to the power supply and vehicle jump post.
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Warning
If the battery or vehicle displays signs of escaping gases, smoke, flames, excessive heat, sparks or arcing, contact the local emergency department and refer to the First Responder Guide, available at http://www.tesla.com/firstresponders and/or the Lithium-Ion Battery Emergency Response Guide, TN-13-16-007. Gases or smoke exiting a lithium-ion MV battery are likely flammable and could ignite at any time.
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Note
All connectors carrying MV will either be blue in color or will have blue tape/sleeving on the harness to indicate it is a MV connector.

MV Battery

The MV battery used is a Lithium-ion type like the HV battery, yet of a much smaller form factor. The MV battery has its own battery management circuitry, called the Battery Management Board (BMB).

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Do not attempt to charge the MV battery outside of the vehicle. Only the DCDC converter within the vehicle can safely and properly charge the MV battery.
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Batteries can be a source of high electrical current and can cause an electrical shock in certain situations, such as a short circuit.
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To avoid personal injury, use proper lifting techniques when handling the MV battery.
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CAUTION
The HV battery will support a damaged/over discharged MV battery whether or not the car is being driven. However, upon detection of MV battery degradation, the vehicle provides alerts indicating that the MV battery needs replacement. If these alerts are ignored for a considerable period of time, the HV battery can become discharged to the point of no longer supporting the MV battery (and the vehicle will have to be jump-started).
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CAUTION
Prevent unnecessary MV battery replacement. If a vehicle is unable to support the MV battery or has a low State of Charge (SOC) and is unable to be recharged, disconnect MV power (refer to Service Manual procedure 1702081011). Keeping the MV battery connected on these vehicles might result in damaging the MV battery through over-discharge.

Electrical Connectors and Harnesses

  • Never pull on a wiring harness to disconnect an electrical connector.
  • Never use tools to force connectors apart.
  • Ensure that disconnected connectors and sensors are protected from oil, coolant, water, or other contaminants.
  • Ensure that electrical items are dry and free of oil or grease before disconnecting and connecting test equipment.
  • After reconnecting an electrical connector, lightly pull on it to ensure that it is secured.
  • When replacing a component, keep oily hands away from electrical connection areas.
  • Ensure that any protection (cover, insulation, etc.) is replaced if disturbed.

Grease for Electrical Connectors

Some underhood and underbody connectors might be protected against corrosion by the application of a special grease during vehicle assembly. Apply the appropriate grease when repairing or replacing these connectors. Do not use other greases. Incorrect greases can migrate into relays, switches, etc. contaminating the contacts and leading to intermittent operation or failure.

Do not apply grease to any connectors that do not have grease applied from the factory.

First Aid Measures

Seek immediate medical assistance if an electrical shock or electrocution has occurred or is suspected.

Under normal conditions, technicians are not exposed to the contents of the HV battery cells. If materials from a ruptured or otherwise damaged battery contact skin, flush immediately with water and wash the affected area with soap and water. Avoid inhaling any vented gases. If a chemical burn occurs or if irritation persists, seek medical assistance. For eye contact, flush with significant amounts of water for 15 minutes and see a physician immediately.

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Warning
An HV battery poses a significant high voltage and electrocution risk if the outer enclosure or safety circuits have been compromised or have been significantly damaged.
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Warning
Avoid contact with gases escaping from a damaged battery. Vented gases might irritate the eyes, skin, and throat. Vent gas temperatures can exceed 600 ºC (1,110 ºF). Contact with hot gases can cause burns.

HV Battery Storage Precautions

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Warning
  • Do not store HV batteries below -20 ºC (-4 ºF).
  • Do not store HV batteries for over 10 days above 40 ºC (104 ºF).
  • Do not charge or discharge an HV battery below 0 ºC (32 ºF).
  • Do not store HV batteries for over 30 days at full state of charge (SOC) or completely discharged.
  • Do not weld near HV batteries.

HV batteries should be stored in a dry area, in approved packaging or on non-conductive surfaces. To reduce the risk of accidental shorting, ensure that there is no loose metal or other conductive materials near stored batteries.

HV batteries should not be stored longer than 9 months since battery service life likely will be affected. If longer storage is anticipated, contact Tesla for instructions.

HV Battery Disposal Procedures

The lithium-ion cells contained in the battery do not contain heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, or mercury.

HV Batteries should be disposed of or recycled in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations. Regulations regarding disposal of batteries vary by jurisdiction. In the United States, batteries are classified as Universal Waste, and in addition, many individual states have specific regulations regarding disposal of batteries.

HV batteries contain recyclable materials. Tesla strongly encourages recycling. Tesla recommends that all HV batteries be taken to a Tesla Service Center so that the batteries can be evaluated, and, if appropriate, be recycled in a safe and efficient manner.

If disposing of a battery without returning it to Tesla, consult with local, state and /or federal authorities on the appropriate methods for disposal and recycling.