Suspension


Front	Independent. Upper wishbone with lower unequal length control arms. Co-axial air spring. Stabilizer bar.
Ride height	Refer to Wheel Alignment.
Rear	Independent. Dual upper control arms, dual lower control arms, and toe link. Co-axial air spring. Stabilizer bar.

Table 1. Bushings Service Limits
Item	Limit
Noise	Bushings are designed to exhibit noise in the case of severe degradation. Rubber folds, non-detrimental cracks, and other non-detrimental damage is permitted. Generally, bushings should not be replaced unless there is a noise that exceeds the allowances listed below.
Rubber Deformation	A bushing that demonstrates a 20% or greater decay in stiffness when compared to a new part should be replaced. Visual bushing replacement criteria are under development.
	Under development
	Under development	Under development
	Under development
	Under development	Under development
Play	0 mm. Elastic play is allowed. Any additional play is not allowed. No contact with other component surfaces is allowed.

Refer to the Theory of Operations for more information on vehicle suspension.

Model S Service Manual